Hydrogen as a new energy plays a vital role in the future energy development.Hydrogen production from electrolyzed water includes two reactions of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution, which has the advantages of low price, no pollution, abundant reserves, and the oxygen evolution reaction is a rapid step in hydrogen production from electrolyzed water. A simple co⁃precipitation method was proposed to recombine carbon materials onto Co9S8 catalytic materials, and the oxygen evolution properties were characterized. Compared with Co9S8 without composite carbon material, a small amount of carbon material could significantly improve the oxygen production performance of Co9S8.The structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of the materials were tested by X⁃ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), polarization curves, chronoamperometry and AC impedance. The results show that the prepared Co9S8/C material has no impurity phase. When the current intensity is 10 mA/cm2, the overpotential is 350 mV, and the Tafel slope is 102 mV/dec, it has high electrocatalytic oxygen production performance.

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a technique widely used in detecting analytes at low concentrations and could provide structural information at the sametime. It is necessary to find the optimal particle size, shape and spatial distribution to optimize the SERS substrate. Current research efforts are focused on fabricating new kind of nanocomposite using as SERS substrates. Porous materials have long been employed as SERS substrate because of their unique features, the porosity that enable them as efficient adsorbents for target molecule. The porous α⁃Fe2O3 was used as solid support. In this paper, porous nano α⁃Fe2O3 was synthesized by hydrothermal method using porous α⁃Fe2O3 as solid carrier, and then calcined into Fe, so that there were porous channels on the surface of Fe. PATP aqueous solution and melamine aqueous solution were used as probe molecules. By adjusting the size of Au nanoparticles and investigating its influence on SERS performance, the optimum performance of 50 nm Au was obtained.The structures and compositions of the nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X⁃ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption. Our research illustrates a new kind of porous Fe2O3⁃Ag nanocomposite, that could be used as effective SERS substrate to adsorb and detect trace level of target analyte.

Using a high-temperature and high-pressure ultrasonic reactor, the hydrothermal cracking reaction of vacuum residue of Huizhou Refinery. The gas product composition, liquid product composition, reaction coke SEM morphology, and element analysis were investigated to discuss the mechanism of hydrothermal cracking reaction under the effect of ultrasonic wave. The results show that there is no significant difference in the yield of gas products in hydrothermal cracking reaction mechanism of the residue under the effect of ultrasonic wave and the production rate of light oil has been increased slightly while that of coke has been slightly reduced. The angularity of the coke particles is relatively smooth and the pore structure appears, indicating that under the effect of ultrasonic wave, the hydrothermal cracking reaction of residual oil is mainly based on the radical thermal reaction mechanism and the cavatition of ultrasonic wave can promote the residuum to have cracking reaction so that the production rate of light oil has been slightly increased. The mechanical effect of ultrasonic wave causes the raw coke precursor suspended in the residue to oscillate violently, so as to prevent its polymerization, thus having reduced coking, the large increase of Ni in the coke indicates that the catalyst provides a coking center for coking.

     Sodium ion batteries have attracted tremendous attentions due to its rich resources, low cost, high efficiency and good chemical stability, and can satisfy people's demand for energy in the new era, which are considered a top alternative to lithiumion batteries. The research progress on sodium ion battery anode materials are reviewed in details in this paper, including carbon-based materials, low voltage metal phosphates, the sodium storage alloys, metal oxides, titanium-based materials, and other negative electrode materials. Then the characteristics of anode materials are discussed. Finally, some future directions for sodiumion battery anode materials are pointed out.

Fe site doped  L i F e 1-yMg yP O4 was synthesized by mechanical activationonestep solidification method. The structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of the product were investigated by XRD, SEM, CV and galvanostatic charge/discharge determination. The effect of Mg2+doping on electrochemical properties of the samples was discussed. The results show that the crystal structure of LiFePO4 was not changed after proper doping of Mg2+. In the meantime, the proper doping can refine the particle size, and improve the electrical conductivity and reversibility of LiFePO4. Accordingly, the rate performance and the cycling stability of LiFePO4 can be improved effectively. The initial discharge capacity of LiFe0.99Mg0.01PO4 was 158.7 mAh/g at 0.1 C rate and 141.9 mAh/g at 1.0 C rate. And the capacity has almost no attenuation after 50 cycles.